Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant medication used in the treatment of epilepsy and neuropathic pain. It is used as an adjunctive treatment in schizophrenia along with other medications and as a second-line agent in bipolar disorder.

Generally, carbamazepine decreases neuronal excitability or enhances inhibition by altering sodium, potassium or calcium conductance or by affecting the δ-aminobutiric acid (GABA), glutamate or other neurotransmitters that may be concerned in seizure activity.